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From our school days, we remember how in chemistry class teachers talked about the high density of gold. We were wondering if there really is no metal that could compare with it and what is the density, such as silver, lead or iron?

After all, the density of this yellow metal is 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter (a golden ball with a diameter of 46.237 mm has a mass of 1 kg!). Element of group 11, sixth period of the periodic table, atomic number - 79, simple substance.

Among metals it ranks seventh in density. In front of it are the following elements: osmium (22.61 g/cm3), iridium (22.57 g/cm3), platinum (21.46 g/cm3), rhenium (21.02 g/cm3), neptunium (20 .45 g/cm3), plutonium (19.84 g/cm3). Gold is also a very soft metal - about 2 out of 10 on the Mohs scale.

It is the density that makes it easy to mine the noble yellow metal. The most common washing can provide a high degree of recovery from the rock. This factor cannot but please gold miners, and this alloy remains relevant to this day.

The fewer impurities in gold, the higher its purity. Accordingly, both the density and the price on the market are higher. The globally accepted hallmarks are: 375, 500, 585, 750, 958 (999 pure gold).

The demand for gold lies not only in its use in the production of jewelry, but also in industrial sectors. One of its areas of application is medicine and dentistry, due to its resistance to corrosion and oxidation. From this we can conclude that gold is not only a luxury item, but also a technical material, the demand for which has been growing every day over the years.

Silver Ag (from the Latin Argentum), like gold, has also long been known among the world's population as a currency metal. It is poured into ingots, which can be seen and purchased in banks and have their own standard measure. The lower the standard, the yellower and more faded the silver. 720 standard is considered to be the lowest. 960 standard is the highest. It has high plasticity, is easy to polish and forge, which allows you to make jewelry from it.

In addition to its use in the jewelry industry, it is used for the manufacture of dishes, cutlery, mechanical and instrument making. Previously widely used for casting coins. Now widely used in medicine, as it has bactericidal properties. Silver is used to create filters for water purification.

Its density is 10.5 grams per cubic centimeter. This is slightly less than the density of lead. The element is group 11, the fifth period of the periodic table and has atomic number 47, a simple substance. Silver is a fairly heavy metal, silvery-white in color.

It has extremely high thermal conductivity, which sets it apart from other metals. Unlike gold, it can be oxidized. Silver is considered to be an alloy of pure silver and other metals. This allows you to improve certain characteristics.

Based on this, we can conclude that the density of the metal can be calculated by the sample number.

With the same volume, it is almost twice the weight of silver. This is indicated by many factors, such as atomic mass: gold - 196, silver - 107, density: gold - 19.3 g/cm³, silver - 10.5 g/cm³

Comparison of gold with other metals

Lead Pb (from the Latin Plumbum) is an element of group 14, the sixth period of the periodic table, atomic number - 82. Its density is 11.3 g/cm³, and is classified as a heavy metal.

Lead is shiny, soft, malleable, and has a gray-blue color when cut. When exposed to air, it becomes covered with an oxide film, which serves as a kind of protection, but fades over time.

It was used by humans in ancient metallurgical processes, namely smelting. Native lead, as it is very rarely found in nature. Most often these are impurities with zinc. It is mined in ores, after which it is processed in shaft furnaces by firing.

This metal differs from the above in its low thermal conductivity, is prone to damage, is easily scratched, and can be cut with a knife. As it heats up, its density decreases. Also one of its disadvantages is toxicity.

In case of poisoning, sharp sharp pains in the abdomen, convulsions and even fainting are noticed. Lead can accumulate in the kidneys and liver.

So, if we compare gold and lead, then looking at their density we can conclude that gold again turned out to be heavier.

Next in line is hardware. How are things going with him? Let's take a closer look at its properties.

Iron Fe (from the Latin Ferrum) is an element of group 8, the fourth period of the periodic table, atomic number - 26. Density - 7.874 g/cm³.

It ranks second in abundance in the earth's crust, after aluminum. The metal has a silvery-white color, is malleable, burns in pure oxygen, is susceptible to corrosion at high humidity, in its pure form is soft and ductile, various impurities increase hardness and brittleness.

Its average hardness is 4 out of 10 on the Mohs scale. Has magnetic properties. Found in iron-nickel meteorites. Scientists believe that the earth's core is mostly made of iron.

Given its properties, iron is used in the manufacture of magnets of both small sizes (in household appliances), and for large productions. The strength of the material is used for casting weapons and armor. Widely used alloys are cast iron and steel.

The density of iron depends on its chemical composition. For example, the presence of silicon and carbon in the alloy reduces its properties. While cast iron has the opposite effect and increases density.

Now let's return to the topic of our article and determine which of the materials described above is the heaviest? It was not in vain that we considered the density of gold, silver, lead and iron. It is this factor that affects weight. We can come to the conclusion that if you put several identical pieces of the above-mentioned metals, they will turn out to be different in volume and size.

Summing up, it becomes clear that there is no need to immediately run to the scales and see which alloy is heavier. It is enough to look at the periodic table and know their density.

Humanity began to actively use metals back in 3000-4000 BC. Then people became acquainted with the most common of them: gold, silver, copper. These metals were very easy to find on the surface of the earth. A little later they learned about chemistry and began to isolate such species as tin, lead and iron. In the Middle Ages, very poisonous types of metals gained popularity. There was arsenic in use, which poisoned more than half of the royal court in France. Likewise, which helped cure various diseases of those times, from sore throat to the plague. Already before the twentieth century, more than 60 metals were known, and at the beginning of the 21st century - 90. Progress does not stand still and leads humanity forward. But the question arises, which metal is heavy and weighs more than all the others? And in general, what are they, these heaviest metals in the world?

Many people mistakenly think that gold and lead are the heaviest metals. Why exactly did this happen? Many of us grew up watching old movies and seeing the main character using a lead plate to protect himself from vicious bullets. In addition, lead plates are still used today in some types of body armor. And when you hear the word gold, many people think of a picture of heavy ingots of this metal. But thinking that they are the heaviest is a mistake!

To determine the heaviest metal, one must take into account its density, because the higher the density of a substance, the heavier it is.

TOP 10 heaviest metals in the world

1. Osmium (22.62 g/cm3),
2. Iridium (22.53 g/cm3),
3. Platinum (21.44 g/cm3),
4. Rhenium (21.01 g/cm3),
5. Neptunium (20.48 g/cm3),
6. Plutonium (19.85 g/cm3),
7. Gold (19.85 g/cm3)
8. Tungsten (19.21 g/cm3),
9. Uranium (18.92 g/cm3),
10. Tantalum (16.64 g/cm3).

And where is the lead? And he is located much lower on this list, in the middle of the second ten.

Osmium and iridium are the heaviest metals in the world

Let's look at the main heavyweights who share 1st and 2nd places. Let's start with iridium and at the same time say words of gratitude to the English scientist Smithson Tennat, who in 1803 obtained this chemical element from platinum, where it was present along with osmium as an impurity. Iridium can be translated from ancient Greek as “rainbow”. Metal has White color with a silver tint and can be called not only the heaviest, but also the most durable. There is very little of it on our planet and only up to 10,000 kg are mined per year. It is known that most iridium deposits can be found at meteorite impact sites. Some scientists come to the conclusion that this metal was previously widespread on our planet, but due to its weight, it constantly squeezed itself closer to the center of the Earth. Iridium is now widely in demand in industry and is used to produce electrical energy. Paleontologists also like to use it, and with the help of iridium they determine the age of many finds. In addition, this metal can be used to coat some surfaces. But this is difficult to do.

Next, let's look at osmium. It is the heaviest in the periodic table of Mendeleev, and, accordingly, the heaviest metal in the world. Osmium is tin-white with a blue tint and was also discovered by Smithson Tennat at the same time as iridium. Osmium is almost impossible to process and is mainly found at meteorite impact sites. It smells unpleasant, the smell is like a mixture of chlorine and garlic. And from ancient Greek it is translated as “smell”. The metal is quite refractory and is used in light bulbs and other devices with refractory metals. For just one gram of this element you have to pay more than $10,000, which makes it clear that the metal is very rare.

Whatever one may say, the heaviest metals are very rare and therefore they are expensive. And we must remember for the future that neither gold nor lead are the heaviest metals in the world! Iridium and osmium are the winners in weight!

Almost everyone in school was told by their chemistry teachers about the incredible density of the yellow metal. And most of the students asked what is heavier, gold or its counterpart on the periodic table - lead? It is about 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter. Due to its chemical composition, gold does not enter into any reaction with the environment.

That is why it is so actively used in dentistry. This metal can be not only yellow. It depends on the components included in its composition. However, regardless of color, products made from this metal are incredibly popular.

The question arises, how does the density of gold compare to the density of other metals? Which element has the largest mass? This article can answer these and many other questions.

Uses of gold

The demand for the yellow metal determines not only its use in the production of jewelry and the increase in the state’s gold and foreign exchange reserves. It is also very widely used in many other areas.

In industry, gold began to be actively used due to its chemical properties. It covers mirrors operating in the far infrared range. This is especially useful when conducting all kinds of nuclear research. Gold is also very often used for soldering components made of various materials.

Another area of ​​application is dentistry. This is due not only to the impossibility of the yellow metal entering into a chemical bond with the human body, but also to its incredible corrosion resistance.

Pharmacology also cannot do without the use of this amazing yellow metal. Gold compounds are now actively used in various medical preparations that save from a wide variety of diseases.

These are not the only uses for gold. Due to rapid progress, there is an increasing need to use gold content in technological innovations. From this we can conclude that yellow metal is not only an attribute of luxury, but also a useful technical tool, the importance of which is increasing every year.

Silver, like gold, has been known to mankind since ancient times. It is used not only in the manufacture of jewelry, but also for the production of tableware. Previously, silver was very actively used in coinage. And today you can see some coins containing a little silver. When choosing a precious metal, the question often arises: what is heavier, gold or another precious metal - silver.

The density of this metal is slightly less than that of lead. It is equal to 10.5 grams per cubic centimeter. This means that gold is almost twice as heavy as silver.

In addition to creating silverware and various jewelry, this material is very actively used in industry, as well as in the photographic industry.

The main properties due to which this element has become so widely used in the industrial field are excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent resistance to interaction with the environment, as well as excellent reflectivity.

Rapidly developing technological progress has significantly reduced the use of silver in the photographic industry. This is due to the fact that thanks to the introduction of modern technologies, the process of producing and using photographic equipment has become much more accessible to most people. This is what ensured a reduction in the use of silver by more than 3 times.

Due to its bactericidal properties, this metal is very actively used in medicine. Currently, silver is used to produce antibacterial patches, as well as to produce filters for purifying water from harmful microorganisms.

Silver nitrate used in medicine.

It should be said that the density of lead is almost 10 times less than the density of the noble yellow metal. To understand the density of lead, it should be said that the density of birch or linden is 25 times less. According to the density table, lead is in 20th place, and gold is in seventh. From this it is easy to conclude that the yellow metal is much heavier than its opponent.

This element is very well used in the production of various metal structures, as well as in the medical field. This is due to the non-transmission of X-ray rays. The widespread use of lead in various fields is also associated with the very cheap cost of this metal. Its cost is almost half the cost of aluminum. Another advantage is the relative ease of extraction of this material, which provides a huge supply to the world market.

It is one of the oldest metals known to man. The first metal products, according to the results of archaeological research, appeared in the fourth millennium BC. Iron is much cheaper than the yellow precious metal. This is due to the high content of iron ore in the depths. And as they say in the economics textbook, the greater the demand, the lower the price of the product.

Unlike gold, iron has several oxidation states, and it interacts very actively with the environment. Russia occupies a leading position in the world in terms of iron ore reserves.

You should immediately answer the question of interest: what is heavier, a precious metal such as gold or ordinary iron. To answer this you will need to look at the density of metals. The density of the precious metal is already known, let’s find the value for iron. It is equal to 7.844 grams per cubic centimeter. It follows from this that this metal, with an equal volume, is not only lighter than gold, but also silver and lead.

Platinum

This element has been known since time immemorial, but in Europe, in its pure form, it was obtained at the beginning of the 19th century. Platinum is a noble metal whose value used to be 2.2 times that of gold. This was due to the very small amount of platinum in the world. There are about 30 grams of platinum per kilogram of the yellow metal. At this point in time, the cost of gold is noticeably higher. This is due to the chemical and physical properties of the metal.

Platinum is a white-silver metal of extraordinary beauty, which, like gold, occupies a leading place among metals. The most important feature of this metal is its strength. Therefore, platinum jewelry does not wear out. In Russia, the following hallmarks of platinum exist: 950,900, 850. Platinum jewelry contains about 95% pure platinum, and a gold item contains 750 hallmarks, 75% gold.

Due to its high content, this metal is almost impossible to scratch. This is why it is so widely used in industry. But with gold it’s a completely different story. Another reason is the fact that all countries' gold and foreign exchange funds consist of gold. This practice has evolved over centuries and now it is simply pointless to spend decades reforming a well-functioning system.

It is surprising that platinum, at a certain period of time, was considered waste from gold mining, which was immediately thrown away.

Having assessed the density of the above metals, I wanted to know what would be heavier, gold, which will remain the unsurpassed leader, or platinum. The density of platinum is 21.45 grams per cubic centimeter. From this we can conclude that platinum is heavier than the yellow metal. Therefore, jewelry made of platinum weighs more than jewelry made of gold.

Heaviest elements

The density of five elements was given above, of which platinum is the heaviest. However, it is not the heaviest element existing on earth. The density of the heaviest element is 22.61 grams per cubic centimeter. His name is Osmium.

Only this is not the limit of density. True, this element was created artificially in 1984. They named it Hassiy, its density is almost twice that of osmium.

Surprisingly, this is not a chapel either. There are materials many tens of times higher than the density of Hassia. However, they are in outer space. The matter contained in white dwarfs can have a density of up to 1000 tons per cubic centimeter. This news shocked the world community.

However, this is not the limit. Neutron stars contain matter with a density of about 500 million tons per cubic centimeter. This figure can easily be surpassed by the density of black holes, however, due to the difficulties of conducting research, this is only theoretical.

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